A subtype of influenza A virus, also known as Avian Influenza, Causes Infectious Disease and is classified as a Class A infectious disease by the World Organisation for Animal Health, also known as true or European chicken plague. According to the types of pathogens, avian influenza can be divided into three categories: highly pathogenic, low pathogenic and non-pathogenic Avian Influenza. Non-pathogenic avian influenza causes no obvious symptoms and only causes the infected birds to develop antibodies to the virus. Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza can cause mild respiratory symptoms, reduced food intake, decreased egg production, and sporadic deaths in poultry. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Z is severe, with high morbidity and mortality, and infected flocks are often wiped out.

1. Popular features

Early in the 1900s, bird flu was first confirmed in Italy. More than 1,000 common terns died in South Africa in 1960, the first time a high death rate from bird flu has been found, and it belongs to the H5N3 strain. In poultry ducks, geese once infected, disease resistance is relatively high, the chances of survival after the disease is also high. However, chickens are very sensitive to the flu virus, and once infected, they not only spread quickly, but the infected chickens will soon die. Farmers used to refer to the phenomenon as “Chicken pox,”without paying particular attention to the cause or mechanism of the disease until cases of bird flu spread from animal to human and died. During bird flu outbreaks in 2004 and 2005, it was also reported that avian influenza originated in wild birds and spread to feedlots and then to humans. The disease can be transmitted through digestive tract, respiratory tract, skin injury and conjunctiva, and people and vehicles travel between regions is an important way to spread the disease.

2. Clinical symptoms

The incubation period ranges from a few hours to a few days, and is usually 4 to 5 days. The symptoms vary depending on the type of chicken, age, sex, infection and viral swelling, and there is more discharge from the eyes and nose, cough, sneezing, Rales, shortness of breath, and sometimes strange sounds, severe suffocation death. In addition, some cases of neurological symptoms and dysentery, laying hens decreased, or even stopped production, acute severe mortality rate as high as 75% , and some even up to 99.99% .

3. Anatomical changes

Digestive tract lesions obvious, oral Mucosa, glandular stomach, stomach cuticle, duodenum mucosa bleeding, leg, chest, abdominal fat bleeding points. Subcutaneous edema of head and neck and chest, fibrous exudate in abdominal cavity. Congestion or congestion of the ovaries and Fallopian tubes, the color of the follicles Pale, rupture of the follicles cause vitelloperitonitis.

4. Prevention and treatment

First of all, we should strengthen health management, implement a strict quarantine system to prevent the introduction of pathogens. The chickens were inoculated with avian influenza vaccine from 25 to 30 days old and from 110 to 120 days old. In the event of suspicious disease, measures such as blocking, isolation, disinfection and strict handling of sick and dead poultry should be taken. In case of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, epidemic areas should be demarcated, strictly sealed off and quarantined, sick and dead birds should be burned, and sites in the epidemic areas that might be contaminated with influenza A virus subtype H5N1 virus should be thoroughly disinfected in order to prevent the spread of the disease, keep the damage to a narrow Z range.