Analysis on prevention and treatment of livestock diseases
1. The characteristics of poultry disease
1.1 The younger age of the disease
Some poultry and livestock have respiratory symptoms at the age of 3 to 5 days, which are manifested as slight nose throwing and coughing. The course of the disease is short, and death often occurs within a few minutes to a few hours. Some died suddenly without obvious clinical symptoms before death. Under the same conditions, the general adult animals have a low chance of contracting diseases, with mild or no disease, while young animals are susceptible to infection due to their unsound defense functions and weak resistance. Some symptoms are very typical, and if treatment is not timely, the mortality rate is increasing day by day. To
1.2 The complexity of the reason
Poultry and livestock breeding equipment is not strictly disinfected is a very important reason. Due to the lack of understanding of disinfection by some farmers, they are afraid of trouble, and the situation is mostly perfunctory. Therefore, the effect of disinfection is not good, and some farmers even do not implement disinfection measures at all. Due to the weak concept of disinfection, there are long-term diseases in the breeding environment, and the accumulation of disease occurs over time. The pathogens multiply to a certain extent, causing poultry and livestock to become ill early and difficult to eradicate. ...
Nutrition level also has a great impact on poultry disease control. For a long period of time, breeders only paid attention to the impact of livestock nutrition on growth, and ignored its role in disease prevention. At present, research on the nutritional level of animals and poultry has become the focus of current animal scientific research. Various studies have initially shown that the decline in poultry immunity and the increase in the incidence of animals and poultry are closely related to the lack or excess of nutrition. Thereby further affecting the income of breeding. ...
1.3 The impact of feeding management level on disease prevention and control
The level of feeding and management is one of the important factors affecting the outbreak of poultry diseases, including humidity, temperature, feeding density and the content of harmful gases produced by metabolism. One of the most important and most important tasks in feeding management is the cleaning of manure, but this has not attracted enough attention from farmers. In theory, cleaning manure every day and disinfection every day is the most appropriate method. However, in reality, few people can do this, which leads to frequent occurrence of animal and poultry diseases. ...
2. Prevention and treatment of livestock and poultry diseases
Three factors, the source of infection, the route of transmission, and susceptible animals, are the chief culprits for the epidemic of infectious diseases in livestock and poultry. Therefore, comprehensive prevention and control measures should be adopted to eliminate or cut off the three factors that caused the epidemic, that is, to identify and eliminate the source of infection, cut off the route of transmission, and improve the resistance of susceptible animals, so that the disease can no longer spread. Judging from the characteristics of current disease occurrence in livestock and poultry breeding in Jiutai City, the author believes that the key to solving this problem lies in breeding management. Diseases need to be prevented and combined with prevention and control to completely solve this problem. ...
2. Preventive measures:
(1) Strengthen breeding management and improve environmental sanitation. Keep the environment clean and tidy, strengthen feeding management, and add proper protein, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients to improve the ability of livestock and poultry to resist parasitic infections. Careful cleaning and disinfection of livestock and poultry sheds, equipment, utensils, etc., and regular disinfection of tools used can reduce the spread of bacteria. Special attention should be paid to livestock and poultry imported from other places. At the beginning, they must be isolated and quarantined. Only when it is determined that they are free of disease can they be grouped together, so as to avoid infection when carrying diseases. Among them, the choice of disinfectant is also very important, and disinfectants of different compositions are used in turn to achieve the best effect.
(2) The choice of vaccine. Don’t try to be cheap, you should choose regular brand products, combined with the veterinarian’s advice, a reasonable and scientific choice is to use combined vaccine or single vaccine, strictly follow the correct vaccination method and immunization dose, and consult the technical staff of the vaccine factory to reasonably determine the injection vaccine The optimal dose and time of the drug should not be increased or decreased without authorization. To
3. Remedy measures:
(1) Identify and eliminate the source of infection. When infectious diseases occur, a preliminary diagnosis should be made in time based on the epidemic situation, clinical symptoms and pathological anatomy. Microbiological and immunological diagnosis can also be made where conditions permit, early diagnosis, and the epidemic area should be sealed off. When blocking an epidemic area, we should follow the principles of early, fast, strict, and small, that is, report the epidemic and block the epidemic area early; act quickly; blockade must be strict; and the scope must be small. According to the characteristics of pathogens, different disinfection methods and agents should be selected. Depending on the object of disinfection, 10-20% quicklime milk can be used; 5-10% bleaching powder solution; 1-4% caustic soda; 3-5% stinky syrup or Lysur; 2-5% formalin or 20 ～30% of the ash water of vegetation shall be disinfected in the livestock house. Finally, use 2.5% formalin solution to soak livestock and poultry skins for disinfection.
(2) Cut off the transmission route of pathogens. According to the type and nature of pathogens and the different ways of invading the body, equivalent measures should be adopted. Pathogens transmitted through the digestive tract should be prevented from being contaminated with feed and drinking water, and the use of contaminated feed, pasture and water sources should be stopped. If it is transmitted through the respiratory tract, air disinfection of the livestock house should be carried out. For those that can be transmitted through the skin, mucous membranes, and wounds, we must prevent damage to the surface of livestock and poultry. Those spread by blood-sucking insects should prevent animals from being attacked and carry out pest control work. Deratization is also an important measure to cut off the transmission route of pathogens.
(3) Improve animal body resistance. Improving sanitary conditions, regular disinfection, and vaccination can all improve the non-specific and specific resistance of animals, thereby reducing the infection of diseases and the spread and prevalence of infectious diseases. To
4. Conclusion
Livestock diseases are the main factors affecting the healthy development of animal husbandry. Due to the many types of diseases, the symptoms are very different, and the same disease has different clinical symptoms due to species, age, disease course, disease type, and individual differences. It is very important to make accurate diagnosis and effective prevention and treatment.